List of Figures and Tables

An Introduction to Public and Community Health Nursing

Figure 1: The 10 Essential Public Health Services

Figure 2: Core Functions of Public Health Departments

Figure 3: Examples of Health Promotion and Protection by Local Health Departments

Figure 4: Examples of Stages of Disease and Prevention Levels

Figure 5: Clinical Course of Disease: Four Prevention Stages

Figure 6: Social-Ecological Model

Figure 7: Health Belief Model

Figure 8: Upstream and Downstream Social Determinants of Health

Chapter One: Community and Public Health Policy

Figure 1.1: Conceptual Model for Community-Driven Solutions to Promote Health Equity

Figure 1.2: Community Health Nursing, Social Determinants of Health, and Health Policy

Figure 1.3: Relationship of Social Determinants to Nursing Advocacy Opportunities

Chapter Two: Health Disparities and Health Equity

Figure 2.1: Differentiating Between Equality and Equity

Table 2.1: Levels of Influence, NIMHD Research Framework

Table 2.2: Number and Percentage of Quality of Care Measures for Selected Racial/Ethnic Groups Compared With White Groups

Chapter Three: Social Determinants of Health and Vulnerable Populations

Figure 3.1: Factors in Health

Figure 3.2: Pregnancy-Related Mortality Ratio, 2007–2016

Figure 3.3: Protective Risk Factors and Actions Nurses Can Take to Help Prevent Bullying

Figure 3.4: Percentage of U.S. Adults With Specific Functional Disabilities

Figure 3.5: Examples of Vulnerable Populations and Mitigation Strategies

Chapter Four: Epidemiology

Figure 4.1: A Public Health Approach

Figure 4.2: Incidence and Prevalence in Epidemiology

Figure 4.3: Epidemiologic Triangle

Chapter Five: Population Health

Figure 5.1: Quadruple Aim of Optimizing Health Care System Performance

Figure 5.2: A Working Definition of Public Health

Table 5.1: Population Health Quality Measures

Table 5.2: Related Population Health Measures

Table 5.3: Population Efficiency Measures

Figure 5.3: Portfolios of Population Health Framework

Table 5.4: Portfolios of Population Health

Table 5.5: Key Levers for Health Care Organizations to Accelerate Improvements Within and Across Portfolios of Population Health

Figure 5.4: Public Health Pyramid

Chapter Six: Community Health Assessment and Evaluation

Table 6.1: Community Health Assessment Compared With the Nursing Process ADPIE

Figure 6.1: Social-Ecological Model

Figure 6.2: Mobilizing for Action Through Planning and Partnerships Framework

Chapter Seven: Community Violence and Violence Prevention

Figure 7.1: Domestic Violence Does Not Discriminate

Figure 7.2: Intimate Partner Violence Statistics

Table 7.1: Characteristics of Healthy Relationships

Figure 7.3: Types of Adverse Childhood Experiences

Table 7.2: Preventing Adverse Childhood Experiences

Figure 7.4: Human Trafficking AMP Model

Figure 7.5: Concentration of Gun Deaths in 2022

Figure 7.6: Public Health Approach to Violence Prevention

Chapter Eight: Emergency Preparedness

Figure 8.1: Disaster Management Cycle

Figure 8.2: Phases of Disaster

Chapter Nine: Trauma-Informed Care

Table 9.1: Trauma Examples

Table 9.2: Common Experiences and Responses to Trauma

Figure 9.1: A Trauma-Informed Approach

Chapter Ten: Mental Health

Figure 10.1: Mental Health Statistics

Figure 10.2: Signs and Symptoms of PTSD

Chapter Eleven: Current Topics

Figure 11.1: The Opioid Epidemic by the Numbers

Figure 11.2: Three Waves of Opioid Overdose Deaths

Table 11.1: Opioid Overdose Deaths by Race/Ethnicity

Figure 11.3: Opioid Overdose Deaths by Age Group

Figure 11.4: Impact of Medication-Assisted Treatments on Receptors

Figure 11.5: Nasal Narcan Spray

Figure 11.6: Symptoms of an Opioid Overdose

Figure 11.7: Impact of Stigma and Discrimination on Transgender People

Figure 11.8: Common Transgender Health Concerns

Table 11.2: Commonly Accepted Pronouns

Figure 11.9: Impact of Climate Change on Human Health