10 Numerals: hvmken ‘one’ , hokkolen ‘two’
Here are the numbers from one to twenty.
| hvmken | ‘one’ | |
| hokkolen | ‘two’ | |
| tuccēnen | ‘three’ | |
| osten | ‘four’ | |
| cahkēpen | ‘five’ | |
| ēpaken | ‘six’ | |
| kolvpaken | ‘seven’ | |
| cenvpaken | ‘eight’ | |
| ostvpaken | ‘nine’ | |
| palen | ‘ten’ | |
| palen hvmkontvlaken | ‘eleven’ | |
| palen hokkolohkaken | ‘twelve’ | |
| palen tuccenohkaken | ‘thirteen’ | |
| palen ostohkaken | ‘fourteen’ | |
| palen cahkepohkaken | ‘fifteen’ | |
| palen ēpohkaken | ‘sixteen’ | |
| palen kolvpohkaken | ‘seventeen’ | |
| palen cenvpohkaken | ‘eighteen’ | |
| palen ostvpohkaken | ‘nineteen’ | |
| pale-hokkolen | ‘twenty’ |
The numbers 21 to 29 are the same as 11 to 19, but with pale-hokkolen ‘twenty’ instead of palen ‘ten’.
| pale-hokkolen | ‘twenty’ | |
| pale-hokkolen hvmkontvlaken | ‘twenty-one’ | |
| pale-hokkolen hokkolohkaken | ‘twenty-two’ | |
| palen-hokkolen tuccenohkaken | ‘twenty-three’ | |
| palen-hokkolen ostohkaken | ‘twenty-four’ | |
| palen-hokkolen cahkepohkaken | ‘twenty-five’ | |
| palen-hokkolen ēpohkaken | ‘twenty-six’ | |
| palen-hokkolen kolvpohkaken | ‘twenty-seven’ | |
| palen-hokkolen cenvpohkaken | ‘twenty-eight’ | |
| palen-hokkolen ostvpohkaken | ‘twenty-nine’ |
Here are the higher numbers by tens. The numbers in between are expressed the same way as for palen-hokkolen ‘twenty.
| pale-tuccēnen | ‘thirty’ | |
| pale-osten | ‘forty’ | |
| pale-cahkēpen | ‘fifty’ | |
| pale-ēpaken | ‘sixty’ | |
| pale-kolvpaken | ‘seventy’ | |
| pale-cenvpaken | ‘eighty’ | |
| pale-ostvpaken | ‘ninety’ |
The word for hundred is cokpe. Thousand is cokpe-rakko (“big hundred”) and million is cokpe-rakko-vcule (“old big hundred”).
| cokpe hvmken | ‘one hundred’ | |
| cokpe-rakko hvmken | ‘one thousand’ | |
| cokpe-rakko-vcule hvmken | ‘one million’ |
Using numbers
- Numerals follow the nouns they modify: efv hvmken ‘one dog’, efv hokkolen ‘two dogs’, efv tuccēnen ‘three dogs’, etc.
- When counting, the numerals end with -n: hvmken, hokkolen, tuccēnen, etc. When used in a sentence, -t is used for a subject, and -n is used for a direct object.
Efv hvmket cvhēces. ‘One dog sees me.’ Efv hvmken hēcis. ‘I see one dog.’
When it’s clear from context, the noun preceding a number can be left off.
| Hvmken hēcis. ‘I see one.’ |
Ordinal numbers: ’svhvmkat ‘the first’
ORDINAL NUMBERS describe position in a sequence (‘first’, ‘second’, etc.).
| hvmken | ‘one’ | ’svhvmkat | ‘the first’ |
| hokkolen | ‘two’ | ’svhokkolat | ‘the second’ |
| tuccēnen | ‘three’ | ’svtuccēnat | ‘the third’ |
| osten | ‘four’ | ’sostat | ‘the fourth’ |
| cahkēpen | ‘five’ | ’svcahkēpat | ‘the fifth’ |
| ēpaken | ‘six’ | ’sēpakat | ‘the sixth’ |
| kolvpaken | ‘seven’ | eskolvpakat | ‘the seventh’ |
| cenvpaken | ‘eight’ | escenvpakat | ‘the eighth’ |
| ostvpaken | ‘nine’ | ’sostvpakat | ‘the ninth’ |
| palen | ‘ten’ | espalat | ‘the tenth’ |
| palen hvmkontvlaken | ‘eleven’ | palen eshvmkontvlakat | ‘the eleventh’ |
| palen hokkolohkaken | ‘twelve’ | palen eshokkolohkakat | ‘the twelfth’ |
Ordinals may be used after a noun: nettv ’sēpakat ‘the sixth day’. They may also be used independently with an implied noun: ’sēpakat ‘the sixth one’.
Arithmetic
- Here are some patterns you can use for adding numbers:
| Hvmken hvtvm hvmken hokkolen hakes. | ‘One and one makes two.’ |
| Hvmken hvtvm hokkolen | ‘If you add one and two, it makes three.’ |
| etohkaletsken owat, tuccēnen hakes. |
- Here is a pattern for subtraction:
| Ostat hokkolen encawetsken owat, | ‘If you take two from four, two remains.’ |
| hokkolet vhoskēs. |
- Here is one pattern for multiplication:
| Hokkolat estuccēnen owat, | ‘Two times three is six.’ |
| kolvpaken hakes. | |
| Palen ’svhokkolen owat, | ‘Ten times two makes twenty.’ |
| pale-hokkolen hakēs. |
- Here is another pattern for multiplication. This way is harder, but sounds more correct.
| Osten ’sosticetsken owat, | ‘Four times four is sixteen.’ |
| palen ēpohkaken hakēs. | |
| Palen ’svhokkolicetsken owat, | ‘Ten times two makes twenty.’ |
| pale-hokkolen hakēs. |
