Chapter 1 – Measurements
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Base Units of the SI System |
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Property Measured |
Name of Unit |
Symbol of Unit |
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length |
meter |
m |
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mass |
kilogram |
kg |
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time |
second |
s |
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temperature |
kelvin |
K |
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electric current |
ampere |
A |
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amount of substance |
mole |
mol |
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luminous intensity |
candela |
cd |
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Common Unit Prefixes |
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Prefix |
Symbol |
Factor |
|
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femto |
f |
10−15 |
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pico |
p |
10−12 |
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nano |
n |
10−9 |
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micro |
µ |
10−6 |
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milli |
m |
10−3 |
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centi |
c |
10−2 |
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deci |
d |
10−1 |
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kilo |
k |
103 |
|
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mega |
M |
106 |
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giga |
G |
109 |
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tera |
T |
1012 |
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Volume – (unit of length)3, SI unit is m3
Density – (mass)/(volume), SI unit is (kg)/(m3)
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Common Conversion Factors |
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Length |
Volume |
Mass |
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1 m = 1.0936 yd |
1 L = 1.0567 qt |
1 kg = 2.2046 lb |
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1 in. = 2.54 cm (exact) |
1 qt = 0.94635 L |
1 lb = 453.59 g |
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1 km = 0.62137 mi |
1 ft3 = 28.317 L |
1 (avoirdupois) oz = 28.349 g |
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1 mi = 1609.3 m |
1 tbsp = 14.787 mL |
1 (troy) oz = 31.103 g |
Chapter 2 – The Atom and Elements
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Properties of Subatomic Particles |
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Name |
Location |
Charge (C) |
Unit Charge |
Mass (amu) |
Mass (g) |
|
electron |
outside nucleus |
−1.602 x10−19 |
1− |
0.00055 |
0.00091 x10−24 |
|
proton |
nucleus |
1.602 x10−19 |
1+ |
1.00727 |
1.67262 x10−24 |
|
neutron |
nucleus |
0 |
0 |
1.00866 |
1.67493 x10−24 |
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Some Common Elements and Their Symbols |
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Element |
Symbol |
Element |
Symbol |
|
aluminum |
Al |
iron |
Fe (from ferrum) |
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bromine |
Br |
lead |
Pb (from plumbum) |
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calcium |
Ca |
magnesium |
Mg |
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carbon |
C |
mercury |
Hg (from hydrargyrum) |
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chlorine |
Cl |
nitrogen |
N |
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chromium |
Cr |
oxygen |
O |
|
cobalt |
Co |
potassium |
K (from kalium) |
|
copper |
Cu (from cuprum) |
silicon |
Si |
|
fluorine |
F |
silver |
Ag (from argentum) |
|
gold |
Au (from aurum) |
sodium |
Na (from natrium) |
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helium |
He |
sulfur |
S |
|
hydrogen |
H |
tin |
Sn (from stannum) |
|
iodine |
I |
zinc |
Zn |
Chapter 3 – Bonding and States of Matter
Chapter 6 – Physics! Conservation of Mechanical Energy
Kinetic Energy Equation – KE = (1/2) mv2
Change in Potential Energy Equation – ΔPE = mgh or ΔUg=mgy
Energy Unit – Joule (kg*m2/s2)
Conservation of Energy Equation -KEi+PEi=KEf+PEf
Chapter 7 – Linear Motion
Change in Displacement – Δx = xf−x0
Change in Time – Δt = tf-t0
Average velocity – average v = Δx/Δt , average v = (v0+v)/2
Average acceleration – average a = Δv / Δt = (vf-v0) / (tf-t0)
Final position x – x = x0+(average v)t
Final velocity v – v = v0+at
x = x0+v0t+(1/2)at2
v2 = v02+2a(x-x0)
Chapter 8 – Force, Work and Power
Newton’s Second Law of Motion – ∑F = ma
Work – W = Fparalleld
Power – P = W/t
Chapter 9 – Waves, Electromagnetic Radiation, and Sound
Frequency – f = 1/T
Wavelength – λ
Period – T
Speed of propagation – vw , vw = λ/T = fλ
